钻井液是“钻井的血液”，对于钻井质量至关重要。随着油气勘探开发难度不断增大，对钻井液的要求也越来越高。特别是在钻井施工中，受钻井液制约造成的机械钻速低、井壁不稳定及水平井摩阻大等难题，让技术人员绞尽脑汁。

“问题就是科研的方向。我们下定决心，要研究出一种全新的合成基钻井液技术，提高钻井液的润滑性、抑制性，以保护油层、提高机械钻速。”胜利石油工程高级专家陈二丁说。

他带领技术人员在实验室废寝忘食地查阅资料、比对样品、调整配方。更多的时候，他们把实验室搬到钻井现场，带着问题和一线员工研究讨论。

经过3年研发，技术团队首次在郑41-平2井使用合成基钻井液体系，最高日产油量达到29吨，展现了优良的储层保护效果。

“合成基钻井液兼有水基钻井液和油基钻井液的优点，性能优良，又能保护环境，市场前景广阔。”陈二丁介绍，在后续曲8-斜11井、坨826-平30井、永123-平3井的应用中，效果同样优异。

如何提升“造血功能”，使“钻井血液”更健康，推进页岩油效益开发？这是胜利石油工程钻井液技术服务中心主任师王刚面临的最大难题。

郭页1HF井是胜利油田为探明沙三下亚段页岩含油气及产能情况部署的一口预探井，地质情况复杂，存在裂缝断层发育、地层破碎易失稳等诸多问题。

王刚和同事们对地质情况逐一分析，从岩芯库取来邻井岩芯开展井壁稳定试验，确定多样封堵和多尺度封堵配方。在施工中，该井钻至4258~4367米时出现井壁失稳、下钻划眼的情况，他们通过小型试验，利用不同粒径超细碳酸钙的合理搭配，采用油基封堵剂、微纳米封堵剂配合封堵，保证了井壁稳定。

手握金刚钻，敢揽瓷器活儿。为保障胜利济阳页岩油国家级示范区钻井施工，胜利石油工程决定在重点井丰页1-6HF井三开时使用合成基钻井液。技术人员制定了详细的施工方案，从体系净化、配方构建、处理维护工艺、技术参数把控等方面开展精细施工，确保了井壁稳定，收到了优异的井眼清洁效果，创造了中国石化非常规页岩油水平井井深最深、水平段最长两项新纪录。

针对不同洼陷破裂压力、施工参数和合成基体系，胜利石油工程技术人员对页岩油试验区、页岩油示范区和页岩油商业开发区的施工井进行了效果总结分析，持续优化改进，研制出乳化剂、封堵降滤失剂、合成基液等关键处理剂，形成了流型调控、高温稳定、防漏堵漏、抗原油及水侵污染等系列合成基钻井液技术，实现了可调密度范围1.2～2.3克/立方厘米，耐温200摄氏度，封堵率大于80%。

合成基钻井液体系性能的优化提升，有力支撑了胜利页岩油的勘探开发和准噶尔盆地深层油气发现，其耐220~230摄氏度的优异高温稳定性能，经受住了征深101井现场施工216摄氏度高温11天的稳定性检验，达到世界领先水平。

目前，合成基钻井液技术在新疆永进区块、胜利页岩油区块及强水敏区块等应用近百口井。其中，永3侧-平1井创出合成基钻井液低温、高密度等多项纪录，日产油50吨以上，打破了永进油田沉寂10年的勘探开发困境；丰页1-10HF井钻井周期仅19.19天，创国内陆相页岩油水平井钻井施工最快纪录。

Drilling fluid is the "blood of drilling" and is crucial to drilling quality. With the increasing difficulty of oil and gas exploration and development, the requirements for drilling fluids are getting higher and higher. Especially in drilling construction, the problems caused by drilling fluid restriction such as low drilling rate, instability of borehole wall and large friction of horizontal Wells make technicians rack their brains.

"The problem is the direction of research. We are determined to develop a new synthetic base drilling fluid technology to improve the lubricity and inhibition of drilling fluid to protect the reservoir and increase the rate of penetration." Shengli petroleum engineering senior expert Chen Erding said.

He led the technical staff in the laboratory to check the data, compare the samples and adjust the formula. More often, they move the lab to the drilling site and discuss the problem with front-line employees.

After three years of research and development, the technical team used the synthetic base drilling fluid system for the first time in Zheng41-Ping2 well, and the maximum oil production reached 29 tons per day, showing excellent reservoir protection effect.

"Synthetic drilling fluid has the advantages of both water-based drilling fluid and oil-based drilling fluid, excellent performance, but also can protect the environment, and the market prospect is broad." Chen Erding introduced that in the subsequent application of Qu8-skew 11 Wells, Tuo826-Ping30 Wells, Yong123-ping3 Wells, the effect is also excellent.

How to improve the "hematopoietic function", make the "drilling blood" healthier, and promote the development of shale oil benefits? This is the biggest problem facing Wang Gang, director of drilling fluid technical Service Center of Shengli Petroleum Engineering.

The Guoye 1HF well is a pre-exploration well deployed in Shengli Oilfield to explore the oil and gas bearing and productivity of the lower submember of Sha3 shale. The geological situation is complicated, and there are many problems such as fracture and fault development, formation fragmentation and instability.

Wang Gang and his colleagues analyzed the geological conditions one by one, took the adjacent well core from the core bank to carry out the wall stability test, and determined the formula of multiple plugging and multi-scale plugging. During the construction, when the well was drilled to 4258~4367 meters, there was a situation of wellbore instability and hole drilling. Through small-scale tests, they used a reasonable combination of ultra-fine calcium carbonate with different particle sizes, and adopted oil-based plugging agents and micro and nano plugging agents to seal the well wall to ensure stability.

With a diamond in his hand, he dares to do China work. In order to ensure the drilling construction of Shengli Jiyang Shale Oil National Demonstration Zone, Shengli Petroleum Engineering decided to use synthetic base drilling fluid in the third opening of the key well Fengye 1-6HF. The technicians formulated a detailed construction plan, carried out fine construction from the aspects of system purification, formulation construction, treatment and maintenance technology, and technical parameter control, etc., ensured the stability of the well wall, received excellent borehole cleaning effect, and created two new records of SINOPEC unconventional shale oil horizontal Wells with the deepest well and the longest horizontal section.

According to different depression rupture pressure, construction parameters and synthetic base system, Shengli Petroleum engineering and technical personnel have summarized and analyzed the effect of construction Wells in shale oil pilot zone, shale oil demonstration zone and shale oil commercial development zone, continuously optimized and improved, and developed key treatment agents such as emulsifier, plugging and fluid loss reduction agent and synthetic base liquid. A series of synthetic drilling fluid technologies such as flow pattern control, high temperature stability, leakage prevention and plugging, oil and water invasion and pollution resistance have been formed, and the adjustable density range is 1.2 ~ 2.3 grams/cubic centimeter, the temperature is 200 degrees Celsius, and the plugging rate is greater than 80%.

The optimization and improvement of the performance of the synthetic base drilling fluid system has strongly supported the exploration and development of Shengli Shale oil and the discovery of deep oil and gas in the Junggar Basin. Its excellent high temperature stability resistance of 220~230 degrees Celsius has withstood the stability test of 216 degrees Celsius high temperature for 11 days during the field construction of Zhengshen 101 well, reaching the world's leading level.

At present, synthetic base drilling fluid technology has been applied to nearly 100 Wells in Yongjin Block, Shengli shale oil block and strong water sensitive block in Xinjiang. Among them, Yong3 side - Ping1 well created a number of records of low temperature and high density of synthetic base drilling fluid, and the oil per day was more than 50 tons, breaking the exploration and development dilemma of Yongjin oilfield for 10 years. The drilling cycle of Toyosin 1-10HF well was only 19.19 days, which set the record for the fastest drilling of onshore shale oil horizontal Wells in China.