中东地区加大新能源发展力度

2000年至今，中东地区人口增长了60%，当前达到2.8亿，人口增长和工业发展导致电力需求激增，过去20年的用电量实现了翻番。目前，中东地区国家发电主要依赖石油和天然气，其中燃油发电量占总发电量的18%，燃气发电量占总发电量的75%。

挪威能源咨询公司Rystad表示，工业化和交通电气化未来将继续推动中东地区电力需求增长，预计到2050年中东地区电力需求将达到2000太瓦时，与当前相比将增长2/3。在碳中和的浪潮下，中东地区国家也积极向绿色低碳发展模式靠拢，未来电力结构将向新能源转型，到2050年，可再生能源（太阳能、风能、水电）在中东地区发电组合中的占比可能高达70%，而目前这一比例仅为5%。

Rystad上述预测的主要依据是中东地区可再生资源禀赋优势与产业化实践。中东地区太阳能资源潜力巨大，沙特、阿联酋和阿曼等国家每年平均每平方米的太阳能辐照量超过2000千瓦时。Rystad数据显示，沙特太阳能发电成本是世界最低水平（10.4美元/兆瓦时）。沙特当前太阳能发电装机容量为2.7吉瓦，计划到2030年达到58吉瓦。阿联酋公开承诺向清洁能源转型，重点发展太阳能发电，拟将发电装机容量由当前的6吉瓦提高至14吉瓦，到2050年，可再生能源发电将占总电力的44%。阿曼的目标则是将可再生能源发电装机容量由目前的700兆瓦增至2030年的4.5吉瓦。

The Middle East has stepped up new energy development

The Middle East's population has grown by 60 per cent since 2000 to 280 million, with population growth and industrial development leading to a surge in demand for electricity, which has doubled over the past 20 years. At present, countries in the Middle East mainly rely on oil and gas for power generation, of which fuel power generation accounts for 18% of the total power generation, and gas power generation accounts for 75% of the total power generation.

Norwegian energy consultancy Rystad said that industrialization and transportation electrification will continue to drive the growth of electricity demand in the Middle East in the future, which is expected to reach 2,000 terawatt hours by 2050, an increase of two-thirds compared with today. In the wave of carbon neutrality, the Middle East countries are also actively moving closer to the green and low-carbon development model, the future power structure will shift to new energy, by 2050, renewable energy (solar, wind, hydropower) in the Middle East power generation portfolio may account for as high as 70%, while the current proportion of only 5%.

Rystad's forecast is based mainly on the advantages of renewable resource endowments and industrialization practices in the Middle East. The potential of solar energy resources in the Middle East is huge, and countries such as Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Oman have an average annual solar irradiation of more than 2,000 KWH per square meter. According to Rystad, the cost of solar power in Saudi Arabia is the lowest in the world ($10.4 / MWH). Saudi Arabia currently has 2.7 gigawatts of installed solar power capacity and plans to reach 58 gigawatts by 2030. The UAE has publicly committed to a transition to clean energy, with a focus on solar power, with plans to increase its installed power generation capacity from the current 6 GW to 14 GW, and to generate 44% of its electricity from renewable sources by 2050. Oman aims to increase its installed renewable power capacity from 700 megawatts today to 4.5 GW by 2030.